E. Coli

  • Posted: February 3rd, 2012 - 5:58am by Doug Powell

    Health Protection Scotland (HPS) said it had recorded 253 positive cases of E. coli during 2011, up from 212 the previous year.

    The agency blamed the increase on a UK-wide outbreak believed to have originated from contaminated vegetables. The outbreak, between December 2010 and July 2011, saw 250 cases of E. coli infection throughout England, Wales and Scotland and 74 victims treated in hospital.

    A subsequent investigation pointed to a possible link between leeks and potatoes bought loose and prepared in the home.

    However, the HPS report also noted that the apparent spike in E. coli between 2010 and 2011 was partly due to the unusually low rate of E. coli infection in 2010.

    The report also noted decreases in salmonella and campylobacter.
    In 2011, HPS received reports of 736 cases of salmonella infection – a decrease of almost 22% on the 941 reported in 2010.

    Cases of campylobacter were also down 3.6% to 6366 last year, although the figure remains "one of the highest on record."

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  • Posted: January 24th, 2012 - 7:45pm by Doug Powell

    I was going to bring along my tip-sensitive digital thermometer and help-out at a sausage sizzle for the kids today before tomorrow’s national holiday, but days of rain have thwarted any plans for the barbie.

    Australia Day is the official national day of Australia, commemorating the arrival of the First Fleet at Sydney Cove on Jan. 26, 1788, and the proclamation at that time of British sovereignty over the eastern seaboard of New Holland. The Brits viewed the settlement as necessary because of the loss of the 13 colonies in North America. The locals didn’t think it was that necessary.

    The Aussies have fabulous parks everywhere, especially in Brisbane because so much of the city is in a flood plain. And there are free electric and wood-burning grills at almost every park.

    So someone thought to test the cleanliness of the BBQs.

    Of eight public barbecues across Melbourne surveyed by an accredited food safety specialist, all cooking surfaces were deemed safe at the time, but not so for benchtops around communal barbies.

    Port Phillip Council acting mayor Frank O'Connor, whose municipality takes in St Kilda, said barbecues were cleaned twice a day between November and March with operation checked weekly. Contractors also regularly checked their heat output.

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  • Posted: January 24th, 2012 - 2:37pm by Doug Powell

    Sprouts served on Jimmy John’s sandwiches supplied by a farm called Tiny Greens sickened 140 people with Salmonella, primarily in Indiana in late 2010. In Jan. 2011, Jimmy John’s owner Jimmy John Liautaud said his restaurants would replace alfalfa sprouts, effective immediately, with allegedly easier-to-clean clover sprouts. This was one week after a separate outbreak of Salmonella sickened eight people in the U.S. Northwest who had eaten at a Jimmy John’s that used clover sprouts.

    Those frequent recalls and concerns about the safety of sprouts have prompted Jason’s Deli to drop them from its menu nationwide for the remainder of 2012.

    “We’ve lost confidence in sprouts,” Daniel Helfman, Jason’s Deli director of public relations, told Mike Hornick of The Packer. “We’re all about food safety and the health and wellness of our customers. Bottom line, when you look at what’s occurred with sprouts just in the last year or so, the recalls and warnings, it’s enough that we feel we have to walk away for all of 2012 and maybe 2013. The sprout industry is trying to restore confidence, but that’s just going to take time. I can’t imagine other restaurants aren’t looking at this.”

    Representatives of the International Sprout Growers Association were not immediately available for comment.

    The change, already in place in some markets, will take full effect sometime in April. Beaumont, Texas-based Jason’s Deli has more than 230 restaurants in 28 states.

    But be careful: Jason’s Deli is replacing sprouts with organic spinach and field greens.

    A table of sprout-related outbreaks is available at http://bites.ksu.edu/sprouts-associated-outbreaks.

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  • Posted: January 23rd, 2012 - 1:50pm by Doug Powell

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    As officials in Brussels meet Jan. 26, 2012, to discuss the introduction of new control measures to prevent a repeat of last year’s E. coli O104 outbreak in Germany and France, food safety experts have questioned the effectiveness of the measures proposed.

    At a meeting last week of the Advisory Committee on the Microbiological Safety of Food (ACMSF), which advises the UK’s Food Standards Agency (FSA), Dr Norman Simmons, a former ACMSF member said after the meeting: “There is no doubt about it, sprouted seeds are a risk … nothing can be done to ensure the seeds are safe. I wouldn’t be surprised if the next outbreak is even bigger.”

    Among the control measures up for discussion are:

    • sourcing seeds only from approved establishments;
    • ensure only potable (drinking quality) water is used for irrigation and cleaning; • one-up-one down traceability of seeds;
    • the use of microbiological testing for common bacteria before products can be released to market; and,
    • rules governing the frequency of sampling.

    ACMSF member Roy Betts, head of microbiology at Campden BRI , expressed concern about the use of microbiological analysis as a control measure. “I get nervous when we go to microbiological criteria in any detail: it’s not a control measure,” he said, since it is not good at picking up low levels of contamination.

    What’s missing in all this is the lack of clear warnings to consumers, and any kind of verification. Guidelines and rules are nice but what if no one pays attention?

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  • Posted: January 23rd, 2012 - 12:26am by Doug Powell

    There's been another recall of mung bean sprouts grown in Victoria (that’s where Melbourne is).

    For the second time this month, mung beans and mung bean and alfalfa sprout mixes have been recalled due to E. coli contamination. The salad mixes were grown in two separate locations, one in Flowerdale north of Melbourne, and the other in Gippsland in Victoria's south east.

    ABC News reports that “last year 46 people in Germany died from eating E. coli contaminated sprouts, however this is a different strain of the bacteria and considered unlikely to make people sick.”

    Fifty-three people died in the German E. coli O104 sprout outbreak. And again, no details on what kind of E. coli, or if anyone is sick.

    A table of sprout-related outbreaks is available at http://bites.ksu.edu/sprouts-associated-outbreaks.

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  • Posted: January 17th, 2012 - 8:19pm by Doug Powell

    Frisia Dairy and Creamery of Tenino, Wash., located about 15 miles southeast of Olympia, has recalled its retail raw milk products because they may be contiminated with E. coli.

    There have been no reported illnesses.

    The unpasteurized milk products, which include whole, skim and cream milk and sold in pint, half-gallon and gallon containers, are distributed through eight retail outlets in Lewis, Thurston and Pierce counties. The milk is also sold on location at the dairy, 4800 Skookumchuck Rd. SE. in Tenino.

    The recall was initiated by the dairy after Washington State Department of Agriculture's (WSDA) routine, monthly sampling discovered toxin-producing E. coli in a skim milk sample. E. coli was not found in other samples and has not been previously found at the dairy. The dairy and WSDA are investigating the cause of the contamination.

    A table of raw milk related outbreaks – that’s outbreaks, not the dozens upon dozens of recalls -- is available at http://bites.ksu.edu/rawmilk.

     

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  • Posted: January 17th, 2012 - 3:16am by Doug Powell

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     Madeline Jonah, 80, died after eating E. coli tainted food at a British Columbia (that’s in Canada) nursing home in Nov. 2011 her family is still seeking answers.

    The Province reports that Kiwanis Park Place, a White Rock independent living facility was found in violation of a number of food-preparation standards weeks before the victim and two other seniors fell ill.

    Langley woman Kathy Jonah says she has been tormented by a lack of answers and empathy from officials after her mother died.

    “I just want someone to be accountable,” Kathy Jonah said. “The management [at Kiwanis Park Place] hasn’t called me back, and they haven’t offered me an apology or anything. It’s like a slap in the face.”

    Kiwanis Park Place, a subsidized independent-living complex operated by Crescent Housing Society, offers food services under the licensing of Fraser Health Authority.

    An investigation by the authority determined that the three seniors were likely infected with E. coli because of the facility’s food preparation, inadequate cooking or improper cleaning of food surfaces.

    Fraser Health spokesman Roy Thorpe-Dorward said Crescent Housing Society voluntarily ended its food-services program, so there will be no further probes into the outbreak. The facility had no previous E. coli issues, Thorpe-Dorward said.

    Jonah said that because of B.C.’s wrongful-death laws she has no way to hold anyone accountable.

    Ben Doyle of the Trial Lawyers Association of B.C. says family members can’t effectively sue for damages in the deaths of children, seniors and the disabled, because the law only accounts for damages for loss of income support.

    “We have legislation that makes children, seniors and people with disabilities worthless,” he said. “We’re pushing for legislation that respects the lives of all individuals and not just breadwinners.”

    Officials with Crescent Housing Society did not answer interview requests on Monday.

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  • Posted: January 16th, 2012 - 2:42am by Doug Powell

    Gippsland Sprout Co has, according to Food Standards Australia New Zealand, recalled Gippsland Sprout Co Mung Beans and Flowerdale Farm Mung Sprouts due to microbial contamination (E.coli). These products have been available for sale from Melbourne Wholesale Fruit and Vegetable Market (Footscray), small grocery stores (including Inverloch Foodworks ) and green grocers in Victoria.

    No details on how this E. coli was detected, what kind of E. coli, or if anyone is sick.

     

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  • Posted: January 11th, 2012 - 9:42pm by Doug Powell

    A Minnesota high school science project that involved hunting and butchering deer -- including one road-kill capture -- and turning the meat into venison kabobs backfired when 29 students were sickened with a rare kind of E. coli food poisoning, investigators say.

    Linda Carroll of msnbc reports the 2010 incident, just now reported in the journal Emerging Infectious Diseases (abstract below) highlights the risks of E. coli contamination, not just from factory-produced meat, but also from small, local providers.

    Doctors first knew they had a problem in December 2010 when two kids from the same high school turned up at a Minnesota hospital with abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea. Fearing they had a food poisoning outbreak on their hands, they quickly called in the state’s top-notch public health officials.

    Both teens had taken part in a school environmental science and outdoor recreation class that involving hunting, shooting and butchering six white-tailed deer, explained Joshua Rounds, the study’s lead author and an epidemiologist with the Minnesota Department of Public Health. A seventh deer was harvested after being hit by a car, the report says.

    The deer were processed on school grounds and then grilled and eaten in class a few weeks before the students got sick.

    Epidemiologists interviewed 117 kids in five class periods and found that 29 definitely had become ill, but not with E. coli O157:H7, the strain commonly associated with food poisoning from ground beef.

    Rounds suspected the deer might have carried another E. coli strain that also produces poisons known as Shiga toxins. He was right. Samples from the students and the deer meet turned up E. coli O103:H2, which is part of a larger category of non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing E. coli bugs, known as STECs.
    Scientists also turned up another E. coli strain, E. coli O145:NM that didn’t produce Shiga toxins.

    People don’t usually get sick from eating hunks or steaks of muscle meat, Rounds said. In this case, however, the meat had been skewered and cooked only to medium-rare. The skewers had dragged contaminants from the meat’s surface down to the center of the kabobs, which hadn’t been cooked to a high enough temperature to kill the bacteria.

    Another factor was hand-washing when handling meat -- or the lack of it, Rounds said.

    “If you think about high school males, they’re probably not the best when it comes to food safety practices,” he said. “So you can have cross-contamination.”
    The case is a reminder, Rounds said, that all meat, no matter where it comes from, should be treated with careful precautions.

    Rounds JM, Rigdon CE, Muhl LJ, Forstner M, Danzeisen GT, Koziol BS, et al. 2012. Non-O157 Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli associated with venison. Emerg Infect Dis http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1802.110855Description: xternal Web Site Icon

    Abstract

    We investigated an outbreak of non-O157 Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli at a high school in Minnesota, USA, in November 2010. Consuming undercooked venison and not washing hands after handling raw venison were associated with illness. E. coli O103:H2 and non-Shiga toxin–producing E. coli O145:NM were isolated from ill students and venison.

     

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  • Posted: January 5th, 2012 - 1:37pm by Doug Powell

    Notable finding: illness was associated with visit to a building in which sheep, goats, and pigs were housed for livestock competitions. Fair attendees were not intended to have physical contact with animals in the building; however, 25% of case-patients (three of 12) and 24% of control subjects (five of 21) who visited the building reported direct contact with animals.

    The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that on October 24, 2011, the North Carolina Division of Public Health (NCDPH) was notified of four Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections among persons who had attended the 2011 North Carolina State Fair, held October 13–23 in Raleigh. Approximately 1 million visitors had attended the fair.

    NCDPH conducted a case-control study to identify the source of transmission. A case was defined as laboratory evidence of STEC, hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), or acute bloody diarrhea with no other identified etiology in a person who attended the fair 1–10 days before illness onset. Active case finding was performed by using a network of hospital-based public health epidemiologists..

    Passive surveillance was enhanced through notifications to public health officials, health-care providers, laboratory directors, and the public. Control subjects were recruited by contacting 11,000 randomly selected advanced ticket purchasers by e-mail with a request to participate in the investigation. Three control subjects were matched to each case by age (<18 years or ≥18 years) and date of fair attendance. A stool specimen was requested of all case-patients for laboratory confirmation of E. coli. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns were compared with known strains in the national PulseNet database. Case-patients' exposures to food, animals, and fair activities were assessed by using a scripted questionnaire administered to case-patients and control subjects.

    Twenty-five cases were identified with case-patients' illness onsets during October 16–25; median age was 26 years (range: 1–77 years). Eight case-patients (32%) were hospitalized; four (16%) experienced HUS. Nineteen case-patients provided stool specimens, and 11 (44%) had laboratory confirmation of E. coli O157:H7 with matching PFGE patterns. This PFGE pattern is the eighth most common pattern in the PulseNet database and has been associated with previous foodborne outbreaks (CDC, unpublished data, 2011).

    The only exposure associated with illness was having visited one of the permanent structures in which sheep, goats, and pigs were housed for livestock competitions (matched odds ratio: 5.6; 95% confidence interval: 1.6–19.2). Fair attendees were not intended to have physical contact with animals in the building; however, 25% of case-patients (three of 12) and 24% of control subjects (five of 21) who visited the building reported direct contact with animals.

    A previous STEC outbreak linked to a petting zoo at the 2004 North Carolina State Fair resulted in 187 illnesses, 15 of which were complicated by HUS (1). The 2004 outbreak led to the passage of Aedin's Law in North Carolina, which created regulations for exhibitions housing animals intended for physical contact with the public. These regulations include requirements for permitting, education, and signage to inform the public of health and safety concerns, enhanced maintenance of animal facilities, transitional entrances and exits, and easily accessible hand-washing stations. The 2011 outbreak was associated with an animal exhibit not subject to Aedin's Law. Preventive measures such as educational signs and hand-washing facilities were in place, based on national guidelines compiled in the 2011 Compendium of Measures to Prevent Disease Associated with Animals in Public Settings. As a result of this outbreak, a multiagency task force is being created in North Carolina to evaluate the preventive measures that were in place during the 2011 state fair and to identify additional interventions that could be applied to prevent disease transmission in livestock exhibitions where physical contact with the public might occur.

    A table of petting zoo/fair-related outbreaks is available at http://bites.ksu.edu/petting-zoos-outbreaks.

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